Texas

Texas Legal Resources

Free legal information, aid organizations, and court resources for residents of Texas. Know your rights and find help.

Legal Aid Organizations

Texas RioGrande Legal Aid

Provides free civil legal services to low-income residents in Southwest Texas, covering 68 counties with housing, immigration, family, and employment law assistance.

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Lone Star Legal Aid

Offers free legal help to low-income individuals in 72 counties of east and southeast Texas in housing, family, consumer, and public benefits matters.

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Legal Aid of NorthWest Texas

Provides free civil legal services to low-income residents across 114 counties in north and west Texas covering housing, family, and consumer issues.

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Texas Advocacy Project

Provides free legal services to survivors of domestic violence, sexual assault, and stalking across Texas, including protective orders and family law.

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ACLU of Texas

Defends civil liberties through litigation and advocacy on issues including immigrants' rights, criminal justice reform, and voting rights.

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Texas Appleseed

Non-profit legal advocacy organization working on systemic issues including school discipline, disaster recovery, and financial access for low-income Texans.

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Court System Overview

Texas has a unique dual supreme court system: the Supreme Court of Texas is the court of last resort for civil and juvenile cases (nine justices), while the Court of Criminal Appeals is the court of last resort for criminal cases (nine judges). Fourteen Courts of Appeals handle intermediate appeals. District Courts are the trial courts of general jurisdiction. County Courts handle lesser matters. Justice Courts and Municipal Courts handle minor civil and criminal cases.

Texas has a unique bifurcated supreme court system. The Supreme Court of Texas (civil) sits in Austin with nine justices. The Court of Criminal Appeals (criminal) also has nine judges. The 14 Courts of Appeals cover different regions, with the largest being the First and Fourteenth Courts of Appeals in Houston. There are over 450 District Courts statewide. County Courts at Law supplement the constitutional County Courts in more populated areas.

Key State Laws & Protections

Texas Property Code — Landlord-Tenant

Governs rental relationships under Texas Property Code Chapter 92, covering security deposits, habitability, lock changes for domestic violence victims, and eviction procedures.

Texas Commission on Human Rights Act

Prohibits employment discrimination based on race, color, disability, religion, sex, national origin, and age through the Texas Workforce Commission Civil Rights Division.

Texas Deceptive Trade Practices-Consumer Protection Act

One of the strongest consumer protection laws in the nation under Texas Business & Commerce Code Chapter 17, providing for treble damages and attorney fees.

Texas Homestead Exemption

One of the strongest homestead protections in the U.S., protecting unlimited equity in up to 10 urban acres or 200 rural acres from most creditors under the Texas Constitution.

Texas Anti-Retaliation Law (Chapter 21 Labor Code)

Protects employees from retaliation for reporting workplace violations, filing discrimination complaints, or participating in investigations.

Texas Identity Theft Enforcement and Protection Act

Provides consumers with tools to prevent and respond to identity theft, including security freezes on credit reports at no cost.

Texas Family Code — Child Support

Establishes guidelines for child support calculations based on net resources, with provisions for medical support and college expense sharing.

Bar Association

State Bar of Texas
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Legal Aid Hotline

Need Immediate Legal Help?Call the Texas Legal Services Center at 1-800-622-2520 for free legal assistance in Texas.

Emergency Legal Resources

National Domestic Violence Hotline

24/7 confidential support for domestic violence victims

1-800-799-7233

Texas Abuse Hotline

Report child abuse, elder abuse, or abuse of people with disabilities

1-800-252-5400

Texas Tenants' Rights Hotline

Texas Tenant Advisor helpline for housing emergencies

1-888-995-4673

Suicide & Crisis Lifeline

Call or text 988 for immediate mental health crisis support

988

Recent Legal Updates (2025–2026)

Property Tax Relief (2025)

Expanded homestead exemptions and new property tax caps provide significant relief for Texas homeowners following the 2023 constitutional amendment implementation.

Texas Data Privacy Act (2025)

New comprehensive data privacy law gives Texans rights to access, correct, and delete personal data held by businesses, effective July 2025.

Expanded Small Claims Jurisdiction (2025)

Justice Courts can now handle civil disputes up to $20,000, increased from $10,000, making legal resolution more accessible for small claims.

Related Guides

Know Your RightsFind a LawyerLegal Aid ResourcesCourt Preparation

Filing Deadlines (Statute of Limitations)

Personal Injury

Statute of Limitations: 2 years

This is the maximum time after an event within which you may file a lawsuit. Missing this deadline typically means losing your right to sue.

Contract Disputes

Statute of Limitations: 4 years

This is the maximum time after an event within which you may file a lawsuit. Missing this deadline typically means losing your right to sue.

Property Damage

Statute of Limitations: 2 years

This is the maximum time after an event within which you may file a lawsuit. Missing this deadline typically means losing your right to sue.

Medical Malpractice

Statute of Limitations: 2 years

This is the maximum time after an event within which you may file a lawsuit. Missing this deadline typically means losing your right to sue.

Fraud

Statute of Limitations: 4 years

This is the maximum time after an event within which you may file a lawsuit. Missing this deadline typically means losing your right to sue.

Court Filing Fees

Small Claims Court

Typical filing fee: $54-$107 (claims up to $20,000 in Justice Court)

Small claims court is designed for individuals to resolve minor disputes quickly and affordably without an attorney.

Civil Court

Typical filing fee: $250-$400

Civil court handles larger disputes including personal injury, contract breaches, and property claims. Attorney representation is common.

Family Court

Typical filing fee: $250-$350

Family court handles divorce, custody, child support, adoption, and domestic violence matters. Fee waivers are often available for low-income filers.

Free Legal Aid Organizations

Texas RioGrande Legal Aid

Free civil legal services in 68 Southwest Texas counties for housing, immigration, family, and employment matters.

Visit Website →

Lone Star Legal Aid

Free legal help in 72 east and southeast Texas counties for housing, family, consumer, and benefits matters.

Visit Website →

Legal Aid of NorthWest Texas

Free civil legal services in 114 north and west Texas counties for housing, family, and consumer issues.

Visit Website →

Texas Advocacy Project

Free legal services for survivors of domestic violence, sexual assault, and stalking across Texas.

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State Bar Resources

State Bar of Texas

Referral: Lawyer Referral Service: (800) 252-9690

Pro Bono: Texas Lawyers Care and Texas Access to Justice Commission fund pro bono programs statewide.

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State Court Websites

Supreme Court of Texas

The highest court for civil matters in Texas, with nine justices. Reviews decisions from the Courts of Appeals on civil and juvenile cases.

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Texas Court of Criminal Appeals

The highest court for criminal matters in Texas, with nine judges. The final appellate authority for all criminal cases in the state.

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Texas Courts of Appeals

Fourteen intermediate appellate courts handling appeals from District and County Courts. Find your regional court and case information.

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Texas District & County Courts

Over 450 District Courts (general jurisdiction) and County Courts handling trial-level matters. Access court locator and case search tools.

Find Your Court →

Key Statute Citations

Tex. Prop. Code §92 (Landlord-Tenant)

Residential Tenancies. Governs security deposits, landlord's duty to repair, tenant remedies, lock changes for DV victims, and utility cutoff protections.

Tex. Bus. & Com. Code §17.41–17.63 (DTPA)

Deceptive Trade Practices Act. One of the strongest consumer protection statutes in the U.S., providing for actual damages, treble damages for knowing violations, and attorney fees.

Tex. Lab. Code §21.001–21.556

Texas Commission on Human Rights Act. Prohibits employment discrimination based on race, color, disability, religion, sex, national origin, and age. Enforced through the Texas Workforce Commission.

Tex. Fam. Code §71.001–87.006

Family Violence Protection. Authorizes protective orders for victims of family violence, including emergency orders, temporary ex parte orders, and permanent protective orders up to two years.

Tex. Const. Art. XVI §50–51

Homestead Protections. Constitutional provision protecting homestead property from forced sale by most creditors, with unlimited value on up to 10 urban acres or 200 rural acres.

Additional Legal Aid Organizations

Texas Law Help

Statewide online resource providing free legal information, forms, and self-help tools for Texans who cannot afford an attorney.

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Legal Aid of Central Texas (LACT)

Provides free civil legal services in the Austin metropolitan area covering housing, family, immigration, and consumer matters.

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Houston Volunteer Lawyers

Pro bono legal services program connecting low-income Houston residents with volunteer attorneys for family, consumer, and housing issues.

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Attorney General — Consumer Protection

Texas Attorney General — Consumer Protection Division

The Texas Attorney General's Consumer Protection Division handles complaints about scams, deceptive business practices, identity theft, and violations of the DTPA. Consumers can file complaints online, by mail, or by phone.

Phone: (800) 621-0508

Online Complaints: File at texasattorneygeneral.gov/consumer-protection/file-consumer-complaint

Visit AG Consumer Protection →

Civil Rights Agency

Texas Workforce Commission — Civil Rights Division

The TWC Civil Rights Division enforces the Texas Commission on Human Rights Act, investigating complaints of employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age, and disability. It also handles housing discrimination complaints as a HUD-certified agency.

Phone: (512) 463-2642 or (888) 452-4778

Filing Deadline: 180 days from the discriminatory act (300 days if cross-filed with EEOC)

Visit TWC Civil Rights →
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Frequently Asked Legal Questions in Texas

Texas has multiple legal aid organizations that provide free or low-cost legal help to income-eligible residents. You can also contact your local bar association for pro bono referrals, or visit our Legal Aid Finder to search by zip code.
In Texas, tenants generally have the right to a habitable dwelling, proper notice before eviction, the return of security deposits within a specified timeframe, and protection from housing discrimination. Specific rules vary — visit our Tenant Rights Checker for Texas-specific details.
Texas allows expungement or record sealing for many misdemeanor and some felony convictions, typically after a waiting period and no subsequent offenses. Eligibility depends on the charge type, sentence served, and time elapsed. Use our Expungement Eligibility Checker to see if you qualify.
Texas sets its own minimum wage, which may be higher than the federal minimum of $7.25/hr. Many cities within the state may have even higher local minimums. Use our Wage & Overtime Calculator to check the current Texas minimum wage and calculate your pay.
The statute of limitations in Texas sets the deadline to file a lawsuit after an injury or dispute. It varies by case type — personal injury, contracts, and criminal charges all have different limits. Use our Legal Deadline Calculator to find your specific deadline in Texas.